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1 . Chimiro chenyika yangudiatomite industryKubva kuma1960, mushure memakore anoda kusvika makumi matanhatu ebudiriro, nyika yangu yakagadzira diatomite kugadzirisa uye kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri cheni yechipiri chete kuUnited States. Parizvino, kune matatu mabhesi ekugadzira muJilin, Zhejiang uye Yunnan. Musika we diatomite inonyanya kusefa zvinhu uye zvekudzivirira zvinhu. Panyaya yekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, Jilin anotora kugadzirwa kwemafirita aids sezvigadzirwa zvake zvinotungamira, Zhejiang inotora kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinopisa zvekudzivirira senge zvigadzirwa zvayo zvinotungamira, uye Yunnan inotora kugadzirwa kweyepasi-yekupedzisira mafirita aids, kupisa kwemafuta ekudzivirira, mafirita uye kureruka-huremu hwemadziro sezvigadzirwa zvayo zvinotungamira. Kubva pamaonero ekugadzirwa kwemumba, kubuda kwenyika yangu diatomite kwakawedzera gore negore mumakore achangopfuura. Kubva muna 2019, nyika yangu yakabuda diatomite yaive 420,000 matani, gore-pa-gore kuwedzera kwe1. Diatomite inoshandiswa muminda yakawanda senge mafirita aids, thermal insulation materials, kuvaka, papermaking, fillers, catalysts, kurapwa kwevhu, diatom dope, mushonga zvichingodaro. Iyo ine tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa, asi mamwe minda yekushandisa haisati yagadzirwa uye kushandiswa pamwero mukuru.

2. Kuvandudza uye kushandiswa kwediatomite munyika yangu

(1) Kuvandudzwa kweJilin diatomite zviwanikwa kwakatanga mu1950s, uye yainyanya kushandiswa kuchengetedza kupisa uye refractory zvinhu mumazuva ekutanga; kuvandudzwa nekugadzirwa kwemasefa aids uye catalysts zvakatanga muma1970; microporous calcium silicate insulation products zvakagadziridzwa mu1980s, uye Ita tsvakiridzo nekusimudzira zvekurima zvekushandisa. Kubva kuma1990, diatomite yave iri rudzi rutsva rwezvinhu zvine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kudiwa kwemusika kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera, kukwezva huwandu hukuru hwesainzi ongororo dzesainzi uye mabhizinesi kuita tsvakiridzo yakadzama nekuvandudzwa kwechigadzirwa, uye maitiro ekuisa pfungwa muindasitiri yediatomite akabuda zvishoma nezvishoma. Kune maviri epurovhinzi-chikamu diatomite mapaki, anoti Linjiang Diatomite Industrial Concentration Zone uye Badaogou Diatomite Characteristic Industrial Park muChangbai County. Parizvino, Jilin Baishan akatanga agadzira diatomite chigadzirwa sisitimu ine mafirita emidziyo, anoshanda mafirita, ecological zvivakwa zvekuvaka, uye zvinotakura zvinhu sezvigadzirwa zvikuru. Pakati pavo, mafirita aids, inotungamira chigadzirwa chesefa zvinhu, inoverengera inopfuura 90% yemugove wemusika wenyika; mafirita anoshanda, senge rabha inosimbisa maejenti, epurasitiki ekuwedzera, mapepa ekuwedzera, akareruka mapeji mafiri, ekuwedzera ezvekudya, mating agents, zvizoro uye mazino mafirita, nezvimwewo. Kubuda kunodarika zviuru makumi mashanu zvematani; ecological kuvaka zvinhu, senge diatom ivhu slabs, mataira epasi, pendi, Wallpaper, ceramic mataira, nezvimwewo, zvakagadzirwa pamwero mukuru uye zvine tarisiro yakanaka yebudiriro; zvinhu zvinotakura, senge catalyst carriers, nano titanium dioxide vatakuri, mafetiraiza uye anotakura mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, nezvimwewo, Iine hunhu hwekunonoka kuburitsa, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kusasimba kwevhu, uye ine tarisiro yemusika wakafara.

(2) Yunnan ane mamwe mabhizinesi anogadzira zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nediatomite, asi parizvino kune mashoma mabhizinesi akajairwa. Migodhi yeDiatomite muTengchong idiki-yakavhurika-gomba migodhi nevarimi. Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvehurumende yenzvimbo, mabhizinesi ediatomite akadzika ekugadzirisa mabhizinesi muTengchong akamira, uye hapana chinobuda kunze kwechigadzirwa muTengchong kana Baishan mabhizinesi ekugadzirisa. Zvigadzirwa zvikuru zvemabhizimusi epasi diatomaceous muXundian County yeYunnan zvinosanganisira mugwagwa-kushandisa diatomaceous pasi, mafirita aids, thermal insulation materials, pesticide carriers, rubber reinforcing agents, etc. Pakati pavo, vatakuri vepesticide uye mishonga yekuchenesa tsvina inoshandiswa mune zvishoma, uye hapana indasitiri yakakura yakaumbwa. Yakabatanidzwa nemitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, Yunnan's diatomite inongova nezvigadzirwa zve sporadic.

(3) Nekuda kwemitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza muZhejiang, mabhizinesi ediatomite akabatanidzwa, mazhinji acho akavharwa, uye mitsetse yekugadzira yakabviswa. Parizvino kune mana chete diatomite mabhizinesi muShengzhou. Zhejiang's diatomite zviwanikwa hazvina kunaka uye zvinongokwanisa kushandiswa kuvharisa mabhodhi, zvidhinha zvinoramba zvichingodaro, uye hazvigone kushandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekubatsira kusefa. Mabhizinesi muShengzhou, Zhejiang, anogadzira Baishan diatomite yekusefa aids, nekugadzirwa kwepagore kwematani gumi kusvika zviuru makumi maviri, uye ese misika yakapararira isingaite makambani emuno eBaishan. Mamwe asara anogadzira mafirita, mabhodhi ekudzivirira uye zvidhinha zvinomisa uye zvidhinha.

(4) Diatomite muInner Mongolia ndeye "Jiwo mine", uye mamiriro emigodhi haana kunaka. Iyo diatomite mbishi inogona kucherwa ndeye linear algae kana tubular algae, ine hurombo husina kunaka uye kusagadzikana kwechigadzirwa kuita. Inongogumira kumaplate uye mamwe macatalysts. Chigadzirwa, chikamu chemusika chidiki kwazvo.

3 .China's diatomite kushandiswa kwemaitiro Zvigadzirwa zvediatomite zvemunyika yangu zvinonyanya kushandiswa kushandiswa mudzimba, uye zvishoma zvinoshandiswa kutengesa kunze. nyika yangu inopinza chidimbu chepamusoro kukosha-yakawedzerwa diatomite gore rega rega. Mushure memakore anopfuura makumi matanhatu ebudiriro, ikozvino inogona kugadzira mafirita, zvigadziriso zvemafuta, mafirita anoshanda, zvekuvakisa, zvinotakura zvinotakura uye simende zvakasanganiswa zvinhu uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa, izvo zvinoshandiswa mukudya, mushonga, makemikari, zvekuvakisa, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, peturu, simbi, papermaking, rabha, Kune anopfuura mazana mashanu marudzi ezvigadzirwa, kunyanya 500 marudzi ezvigadzirwa, kunyanya maindasitiri ezvekurima uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa muminda yekurima, maindasitiri ekugadzira mhuka. adsorption kucheneswa, anoshanda mafirita, uye kuvandudzwa kwevhu. Iwo matatu makuru mabhesi e diatomite muJilin, Zhejiang uye Yunnan akagadzwa.

Diatomite zviwanikwa munyika yangu zvinonyanya kushandiswa kusefa zvinhu uye zvekudzivirira zvinhu. Pakati pavo, rubatsiro rwesefa ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye yakakura chigadzirwa che diatomite. Kubuda kwerubatsiro rwesefa kazhinji kunoverengera makumi matanhatu neshanu muzana yekutengesa kwese kwediatomite; mafirita nemaabrasives anosvika gumi nenhatu muzana ezvekubuda kwediatomite, uye adsorption uye zvinhu zvekuchenesa zviri pamusoro Iyo inoverengera 16% yezvese zvabuda, kuvandudzwa kwevhu uye fetiraiza inokwana 5% yezvese zvabuda, uye mamwe acho angangoita 1%.

Kazhinji, kubuda kwediatomite munyika yangu kunoratidza kudzikama kwakadzikama, kunyanya zvinosanganisira zvigadzirwa zve flux-calcined, yakaderera-tembiricha calcined zvigadzirwa, zvisina-calcined zvigadzirwa, uye isina-calcined granulation. Nekuvandudzwa kwehupfumi hwenyika yangu uye maitiro ekukura kwemaguta, kudiwa kwenyika yangu kwediatomite zviwanikwa kuri kuwedzera. Kubva 1994 kusvika 2019, kushandiswa kwenyika yangu kuri kuita diatomite kwakawedzera gore negore.